铁路概述 / Train Overview#
铁路系统是 Factorio 中长途物流的核心。火车运输量巨大、速度快，是工厂扩张的必备工具。一条双轨铁路的吞吐量远超 8 条快速传送带。
The train system is the core of long-distance logistics in Factorio. Trains offer massive throughput and high speed, essential for factory expansion. A single double-track railway far exceeds the throughput of 8 express belts.
铁路基础 / Railway Basics#
轨道铺设 / Track Laying#
- 直轨 (Straight Rail) — 基本轨道单元 / Basic rail segment
- 弯轨 (Curved Rail) — 90度转弯 / 90-degree curve
- 道闸 (Rail Signal) — 控制列车进入区段 / Controls train access to blocks
- 链信号 (Chain Signal) — 用于路口，防止死锁 / Used at intersections, prevents deadlocks
车站 / Train Stops#
车站是列车装卸货物的地方。每站有 1-6 个装卸位。使用筛选器 (Filter) 控制货物类型。
Stations are where trains load and unload. Each station has 1-6 loading/unloading positions. Use filters to control cargo types.
机车与车厢 / Locomotives and Wagons#
- 机车 (Locomotive) — 提供动力 / Provides power
- 货运车厢 (Cargo Wagon) — 运输物品 / Transports items
- 液体车厢 (Fluid Wagon) — 运输液体 / Transports fluids
- 装甲列车 (Artillery Wagon) — 移动炮台 / Mobile turret
燃料选择 / Fuel Choices#
- 煤炭 (Coal) — 初期，速度 100% / Early game, speed 100%
- 固体燃料 (Solid Fuel) — 中期，速度 120% / Mid game, speed 120%
- 火箭燃料 (Rocket Fuel) — 后期，速度 180% / Late game, speed 180%
- 核燃料 (Nuclear Fuel) — 终局，速度 250% / Endgame, speed 250%
信号系统 / Signaling System#
区段原则 / Block Principle#
铁路被信号分割成一个个区段 (Block)。每个区段同时只能有一列火车。信号变为红色时表示前方区段被占用。
Railway is divided into blocks by signals. Only one train can occupy a block at a time. A red signal means the block ahead is occupied.
铁路信号 / Rail Signal#
- 放置于轨道右侧 / Place on the right side of the track
- 绿色 (Green) — 区段空闲 / Block is free
- 黄色 (Yellow) — 火车正在接近，但区段已预留 / Train approaching, block reserved
- 红色 (Red) — 区段被占用 / Block is occupied
- 蓝色 (Blue) — 出站信号，只有出站方向 / Chain signal with exit only
链信号 / Chain Signal#
链信号不是根据自身区段变红，而是根据下一个信号的状况。它用于路口内部，防止列车停在路口中央。
A chain signal does not look at its own block but at the next signal ahead. It is used inside intersections to prevent trains from stopping in the middle.
信号放置规则 / Signal Placement Rules#
- 双轨铁路两侧都要放信号 / Both sides of double-track need signals
- 路口前必须放链信号 / Always place chain signal before an intersection
- 路口后必须放普通信号 / Always place a rail signal after an intersection
- 长直线上每隔 2-3 个列车长度放一个信号 / Place signals every 2-3 train lengths on long straights
路口设计 / Intersection Designs#
丁字路口 / T-Junction#
最简单的路口。两个方向的车流可能冲突。使用链信号避免死锁。
The simplest junction. Two directions may conflict. Use chain signals to prevent deadlocks.
十字路口 / Cross Intersection#
最常见的路口类型。四条道路交汇。不推荐简单十字路口用于高流量场景。
The most common intersection type. Four roads meet. Simple cross intersections are not recommended for high-traffic scenarios.
环岛 / Roundabout#
环岛可以有效减少冲突点。但环岛本身就是一个大区段，低通量。适合中低流量。
A roundabout effectively reduces conflict points, but the entire roundabout is one block, limiting throughput. Suitable for low-to-medium traffic.
立交 / Grade Separated Intersection#
高流量场景下，使用分层立交可大幅提升通量。常见设计包括：三叶草、风车、压缩立交。
For high-traffic scenarios, grade-separated intersections greatly improve throughput. Common designs: cloverleaf, windmill, compact interchange.
列车调度 / Train Scheduling#
基本调度 / Basic Schedule#
每车站一列列车，使用等待条件：
- 满载 (Full cargo) — 离开装货站 / Leave loading station
- 空载 (Empty cargo) — 离开卸货站 / Leave unloading station
- 时间 (Time passed) — 固定时间后离开 / Leave after fixed time
- 电路条件 (Circuit condition) — 根据网络信号 / Based on circuit network
One train per station pair with wait conditions:
- Full cargo — leave loading station
- Empty cargo — leave unloading station
- Time passed — leave after fixed time
- Circuit condition — based on circuit network
多列同路线 / Multiple Trains on Same Route#
使用相同站名。关闭"限制到前方车站"选项，让列车自动选择最近的闲置车站。
Use the same station name. Disable “Limit to the front station” and let trains automatically choose the nearest available station.
站名规范 / Station Naming Convention#
推荐命名方案 / Recommended naming convention:
[物品图标] 铁板 供应 / [Icon] Iron Plate Supply
[物品图标] 铁板 需求 / [Icon] Iron Plate Demand使用图标使站名一目了然。
Use icons in station names for instant recognition.
常见问题 / Common Issues#
死锁 / Deadlocks#
原因：路口过小、链信号不足、列车过多。解决方案：移除不必要的列车、改进路口设计、增加绕行路线。
Cause: undersized intersections, insufficient chain signals, too many trains. Fix: remove unnecessary trains, improve intersection design, add bypass routes.
通量瓶颈 / Throughput Bottlenecks#
原因：单轨区间过长、缺乏等待区。解决方案：关键路段铺设双轨、设置等待站点。
Cause: long single-track segments, lack of waiting bays. Fix: double-track critical segments, add waiting stations.
常见问题 / FAQ#
| 问题 / Question | 回答 / Answer |
|---|---|
| 如何避免列车死锁？/ How to prevent train deadlocks? | 在路口前使用链信号（Chain Signal），路口后使用普通信号。避免在路口内停车 / Use chain signals before intersections, rail signals after. Avoid stopping within intersections |
| 双轨铁路右侧通行还是左侧？/ Right or left hand drive? | Factorio 默认右侧通行。选择一种方向后在全图保持一致 / Factorio defaults to right-hand drive. Pick one and stay consistent across the entire network |
| 多列火车共用一条线路如何处理？/ Multiple trains on same line? | 使用相同站名 + 关闭"限制到前方车站"。设置等待站点让列车停靠等待 / Use same station names + disable “Limit to front station”. Set up waiting bays |
| 火车燃料的最佳选择？/ Best train fuel? | 火箭燃料（速度 180%）适合大部分场景。核燃料（速度 250%）用于终局大基地 / Rocket Fuel (180% speed) for most uses. Nuclear Fuel (250% speed) for endgame megabases |
信号放置规则 / Signal Placement Rules#
| 场景 / Scenario | 信号类型 / Signal Type | 放置方式 / Placement |
|---|---|---|
| 双轨直线 / Double-track straight | 普通信号 / Rail Signal | 每 2-3 列车长度两侧放置 / Every 2-3 train lengths on both sides |
| 路口入口 / Intersection entry | 链信号 / Chain Signal | 每个入口方向放一个 / One per entry direction |
| 路口出口 / Intersection exit | 普通信号 / Rail Signal | 每个出口方向放一个 / One per exit direction |
| 车站入口 / Station entry | 链信号 / Chain Signal | 确保列车不会停在路口 / Prevents trains stopping in intersections |
| 单轨会让线 / Single-track passing | 普通信号 / Rail Signal | 在会让线两端放置 / Place at both ends of passing lane |
列车长度设计 / Train Length Design#
| 长度 / Length | 车厢数 / Wagon Count | 吞吐量 / Throughput | 推荐场景 / Use Case |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1-1（1机1厢） | 1 | 低 / Low | 初期短途 / Early short distance |
| 1-2（1机2厢） | 2 | 中 / Medium | 中期通用 / Mid game general purpose |
| 1-4（1机4厢） | 4 | 中高 / Medium-High | 标准配置 / Standard config |
| 2-8（2机8厢） | 8 | 高 / High | 大基地 / Large bases |
| 3-12（3机12厢） | 12 | 极高 / Very High | 巨型基地 / Megabases |
常见问题 2 / FAQ 2#
| 问题 / Question | 回答 / Answer |
|---|---|
| 火车不走最短路径？/ Train not taking shortest path? | 检查信号是否放置正确。信号放错会导致火车绕路。确保双轨信号放在轨道右侧 / Check signal placement. Wrong signals cause detours. Ensure signals are on the right side of tracks |
| 如何让多列火车共享卸货站？/ Multiple trains sharing a station? | 使用相同的站名 + 关闭"限制到前方车站"。设置等待站点让多余的列车等候 / Use same station name + disable “Limit to front station”. Set up waiting bays for extra trains |
| 液体火车和固体火车一样吗？/ Fluid trains same as solid? | 基本一样。液体车厢使用管道连接装卸。注意每种液体使用单独的车厢 / Basically the same. Fluid wagons use pipes for loading/unloading. Keep different fluids in separate wagons |
| 火车最大速度是多少？/ Max train speed? | 理论最高 298 km/h（使用核燃料和无弯道直线）。实际通常在 150-200 km/h / Theoretical max 298 km/h (nuclear fuel, straight track). Realistic is 150-200 km/h |
车站设计模板 / Station Design Templates#
| 车站类型 / Type | 布局 / Layout | 推荐场景 / Use Case |
|---|---|---|
| 单侧装卸 / Single-side | 1 条铁路 + 1 排箱子 | 低吞吐量车站 / Low throughput stations |
| 双侧装卸 / Double-side | 1 条铁路 + 2 排箱子 | 中等吞吐量 / Medium throughput |
| 多列停靠 / Multi-train | 2-4 条平行轨道 | 高吞吐量装卸站 / High throughput stations |
| 堆叠等待区 / Stacker | 多条平行等待线 | 多列火车等待同一车站 / Multiple trains waiting for same station |
常见问题 3 / FAQ 3#
| 问题 / Question | 回答 / Answer |
|---|---|
| 链信号和普通信号怎么区分？/ Chain vs Rail signal? | 链信号显示前方路口的状况，普通信号显示自身区段。路口前用链信号，路口后用普通信号 / Chain shows next block status, Rail shows own block. Use chain before intersections, rail after |
| 单轨铁路怎么设计？/ Single-track design? | 每隔一段距离设置会让线（Passing Lane）。使用双信号系统实现双向通行 / Add passing lanes at intervals. Use dual-signal system for bidirectional traffic |
| 火车调试模式怎么用？/ Train debug mode? | 按 F4 打开调试菜单，勾选 “show-train-path” 和 “show-rail-blocks” / Press F4, enable “show-train-path” and “show-rail-blocks” |
| 最有效的燃料是什么？/ Most efficient fuel? | 火箭燃料（Rocket Fuel）性价比最高：速度 180%，生产简单。核燃料虽然更快但生产复杂 / Rocket Fuel: best value (180% speed, easy to make). Nuclear is faster but complex |
火车数据速查 / Train Data Reference#
| 机车类型 / Type | 最大速度 / Max Speed | 牵引力 / Pull Power | 燃料效率 / Fuel Efficiency |
|---|---|---|---|
| 内燃机车 / Locomotive | 259 km/h | 600kN | 100%（基础） |
| 装甲列车 / Artillery Wagon | 259 km/h | - | 与机车相同 / Same as locomotive |
| 货运车厢 / Cargo Wagon | - | - | 容量 2000 物品 / 2000 item capacity |
| 液体车厢 / Fluid Wagon | - | - | 容量 25000 液体 / 25000 fluid capacity |
铁路网络维护 / Rail Network Maintenance#
| 维护项 / Maintenance | 频率 / Frequency | 方法 / Method |
|---|---|---|
| 检查死锁 / Check deadlocks | 每次扩建后 / After each expansion | 观察是否有火车长时间停在原地 / Watch for trains stuck in place |
| 优化信号 / Optimize signals | 通量下降时 / When throughput drops | 将长区段分割为更小区段 / Split long blocks into smaller ones |
| 升级燃料 / Upgrade fuel | 解锁新燃料时 / When new fuel unlocks | 逐步替换所有机车的燃料 / Gradually replace all locomotive fuel |
标签 / Tags: trains rail signals intersections train stations logistics Factorio